Erzincan
Erzincan is a hidden gem in eastern Turkey, offering skiing at Ergan Mountain, ancient Urartian ruins, dramatic Euphrates gorges, and the legendary tulum cheese.
Erzincan is a hidden gem in eastern Turkey, offering skiing at Ergan Mountain, ancient Urartian ruins, dramatic Euphrates gorges, and the legendary tulum cheese.
Erzincan is a captivating city in eastern Turkey, nestled in a broad fertile valley carved by the Euphrates River and encircled by dramatic mountain ranges. This often-overlooked destination rewards curious travelers with a blend of ancient history, rich culinary traditions, and breathtaking natural scenery. Whether you arrive for the skiing, the culture, or the legendary local cheese, Erzincan delivers an authentic Turkish experience far from the tourist crowds.
Erzincan sits in northeastern Anatolia at an elevation of roughly 1,185 meters above sea level. The city lies along the upper Euphrates valley, flanked by the Munzur Mountains to the south and the Çimen and Keşiş mountain ranges to the north. This geographic position gives the region its distinctive continental character: crisp mountain air, wide open skies, and a landscape that shifts dramatically with the seasons. The city center is compact and walkable, while the surrounding province stretches across rugged highland terrain that begs exploration.
Spring (April to June) is the finest time to visit, when wildflowers blanket the valley and temperatures are pleasantly mild. Summer (July to August) brings warm, dry days ideal for trekking and outdoor activities. Winter (December to March) transforms the region into a snow sports destination, with Ergan Mountain drawing skiers from across Turkey. Autumn offers golden foliage and harvest-season festivals that give the city a warm, festive atmosphere.
Turkey's currency is the Turkish Lira (TRY). Erzincan is considerably more affordable than Istanbul or Antalya. Budget travelers can get by comfortably on 400 to 600 TRY per day, covering accommodation in a guesthouse, local meals, and public transport. Mid-range hotels and restaurant dining bring daily costs to around 1,000 to 1,500 TRY. Credit cards are accepted at larger hotels and restaurants, but carrying cash is advisable in smaller towns and markets.
Ergan Mountain Ski Resort
Ergan is one of Turkey's best-kept skiing secrets, rising to over 3,000 meters and offering extensive piste terrain for all skill levels. The resort typically operates from December through April, with reliable snowfall and far fewer crowds than more famous Turkish ski centers. The mountain setting is spectacular, with panoramic views over the Erzincan valley. Practical Tip: Book accommodation in advance during the January and February peak season, as the resort fills quickly on weekends.
Kemah Gorge and Castle
The ancient town of Kemah, perched dramatically above a limestone gorge along the Euphrates, is one of the region's most atmospheric sites. The ruined hilltop fortress dates back to Byzantine times and offers sweeping views over the river canyon below. Walking the old town streets reveals a layered history that spans centuries of Anatolian civilization. Practical Tip: Visit in the morning for the best light on the gorge walls and cooler temperatures for the castle climb.
Altıntepe Urartian Temple
Altıntepe is one of the most significant Urartian archaeological sites in Turkey, featuring the remains of a ceremonial temple and royal tombs dating to the 8th and 7th centuries BCE. Artifacts recovered here are displayed in the Ankara Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, but the site itself conveys a powerful sense of antiquity. The hilltop location offers commanding views over the surrounding plain. Practical Tip: Hire a local guide from Erzincan city to bring the history to life, as on-site signage is limited.
Munzur Valley National Park
This stunning national park, shared with neighboring Tunceli province, protects some of eastern Turkey's most dramatic mountain scenery. Crystal-clear streams, dense forests, and remote villages characterize the landscape, which is rich in wildlife including wolves, bears, and golden eagles. Trekking routes through the park range from gentle valley walks to challenging alpine ascents. Practical Tip: The park is most accessible between May and October; always carry sufficient water and inform someone of your route before heading into the backcountry.
Erzincan City Museum
The city museum provides an excellent introduction to the region's layered history, from Urartian artifacts through Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman periods. Well-organized displays cover local archaeology, ethnography, and traditional crafts, offering context that enriches any further exploration of the province. The museum is modest in size but genuinely informative. Practical Tip: Admission is very low-cost; allow around an hour for a thorough visit.
Local Bazaar and Copper Craft Workshops
Erzincan has a proud tradition of coppersmithing, and the old bazaar area remains the best place to watch artisans at work and purchase handcrafted items. Trays, bowls, and decorative pieces make distinctive souvenirs. The market atmosphere is lively and deeply local, a world away from the tourist bazaars of western Turkey. Practical Tip: Bargaining is acceptable and expected; approach it with good humor and a smile.
Girlevik Waterfall
Located about 25 kilometers from the city center, Girlevik is a beautiful cascade set in a forested canyon that is especially impressive during the spring snowmelt. A short walking trail leads to the base of the falls, making it accessible for visitors of all fitness levels. The surrounding woodland is a lovely spot for a picnic. Practical Tip: Go on a weekday to avoid local weekend crowds and enjoy a quieter experience.
Begin your day at the City Museum to absorb the regional history before heading to the old bazaar for copper browsing and a traditional breakfast. In the late morning, drive out to Girlevik Waterfall for a refreshing nature walk. Return to the city for lunch featuring local specialties, then spend the afternoon exploring the city center and its Ottoman-era architecture. End the evening with a leisurely dinner of tava dishes and locally produced wine.
On day one, follow the highlights itinerary above. On day two, make a full-day excursion to Kemah Gorge and the Altıntepe archaeological site, combining history with dramatic landscape. Pack a picnic and allow time to wander the old quarter of Kemah. On day three, head into Munzur Valley National Park for a half-day trek, then return via a village stop for tea and conversation with local residents. Skiers visiting in winter should dedicate at least one full day to Ergan Mountain.
Erzincan Tulum Cheese: This aged goat cheese, matured inside an animal skin, is the region's most celebrated food product and is sold throughout Turkey. Try it paired with fresh flatbread and honey at a local breakfast spread. Order it at any traditional restaurant or buy it directly from producers in the bazaar.
Tava: A slow-cooked lamb or beef dish prepared in a clay pot with local herbs and vegetables, tava is the definitive comfort food of the region. It is found at traditional lokanta restaurants throughout the city center. Ask for it to be served with fresh-baked bread to soak up the rich cooking juices.
Keşkek: A ceremonial dish of slow-cooked wheat and meat, keşkek has a smooth, porridge-like consistency and a deeply savory flavor. It is traditionally prepared for weddings and festivals but can sometimes be found in local restaurants. If you encounter it on a menu, order it without hesitation.
Manti: The local version of these tiny filled dumplings, served with yogurt and spiced butter, reflects the broader Anatolian tradition but with regional variations in seasoning. Manti shops are scattered throughout the city and offer an affordable, filling meal. A generous portion with yogurt costs very little.
Local Wine: The Erzincan valley has a long winemaking history, and locally produced red and white wines are available in select restaurants. The wines tend to be robust and earthy, reflecting the high-altitude terroir. Ask your host which local variety they recommend with the evening meal.
Herbal Teas: Mountain herbs harvested from the surrounding ranges are used to prepare aromatic teas that are offered at guesthouses and tea houses throughout the province. Sage, thyme, and various wild mountain plants feature prominently. Accepting a glass of tea is a gesture of hospitality that should never be refused.
Erzincan has a domestic airport with regular flights connecting to Istanbul and Ankara, making it accessible despite its remote location. Intercity buses connect the city to major Anatolian hubs, with comfortable long-distance coaches operated by several reliable companies. Within the city, minibuses (dolmus) and taxis are the primary modes of transport; fares are very affordable by Western standards. Renting a car is strongly recommended for exploring the wider province, as many key attractions are scattered across rural areas with limited public transport connections.
Kemah: Just 45 kilometers west of the city, this ancient riverside town with its dramatic gorge and Byzantine fortress is the most rewarding day trip from Erzincan. The drive along the Euphrates valley is itself a scenic highlight.
Tercan and Mama Hatun Caravanserai: Located about 70 kilometers to the east, the Mama Hatun Caravanserai is a beautifully preserved Seljuk-era structure dating to the 12th century. The circular plan of this roadside complex is unique in Anatolian architecture and reflects the importance of the Silk Road trade routes through the region.
Munzur Valley: A longer excursion into the national park rewards visitors with pristine highland scenery and traditional village life that has changed little over generations. Combine the drive with stops at natural springs and lookout points along the valley road.
Kemaliye (Egin): This charming historic town, accessible by a spectacular mountain road, is known for its Ottoman-era stone houses and the extraordinary Karanlık Canyon nearby. The canyon trail is one of eastern Turkey's most memorable short hikes.